Grammar - Grade 3 List View

Review these list items to study and edit your keyphrase and other memory aids.
Grammar Point
expressions (phrases, clauses, etc.)
exp 
word usually written using kana alone
uk 
formal or literary term
form 
A Keyphrase should be a short phrase that brings to mind and helps to remember the information on this frame.
べからず/ざる

must not (do), should not, do not

at sentence end

Verb Dictionary Form + べからず

This grammar point is used to express a strong, authoritative prohibition or a command that something must not be done. It is a formal, classical-sounding expression often found in signs, rules, or formal warnings.

Verb Dictionary Form

Attaching べからず directly to the dictionary form of a verb creates a strong command meaning 'must not' or 'do not'.

Do not enter.

Do not throw away trash.

Note

When using the verb する (to do), it often becomes すべからず. This form is strictly for sentence-final use to state a rule or prohibition.

Verb Dictionary Form + べからざる + Noun

This form is used when the prohibition acts as an adjective to modify a following noun. It describes a noun that 'should not' or 'must not' be subjected to a certain action.

Verb Dictionary Form

By using べからざる, the prohibition modifies the noun that follows it, indicating that the action is forbidden or impossible regarding that specific noun.

An unforgivable act.

An indispensable person (a person who must not be absent).

Note

Similar to the sentence-ending form, する becomes すべからざる when modifying a noun.

Words: 
可からずべからず
Radicals of radicals