Grammar Point

be, is

plain copula

Noun or な-Adjective

The plain copula used to declare that something is or was a certain way in informal situations.

Noun + / った

Used with nouns to identify what something is or was.


This is a book.

That person was a teacher.

な-Adjective stem + / った

Used with the stem of な-adjectives to describe a state or quality.


The town is quiet.

He was healthy.

Note

The plain copula is used in casual speech and informal writing. In very casual spoken Japanese, is often omitted at the end of a sentence by female speakers, or replaced with particles like よ or ね. Note that cannot follow い-adjectives directly in standard Japanese; the adjective itself acts as the verb/copula.



Radicals of radicals