Grammar Point
auxiliary
aux 
て

indicates continuing action

で after certain verb forms

Verb て form

The て form is used to connect multiple clauses or phrases together. When used with verbs or adjectives, it indicates that actions or states occur in sequence or exist simultaneously. It often translates to 'and' or '-ing' in English.

Connects two or more verbs to show a sequence of actions.

I will eat and then sleep.

I bought a book and read it.

Note

The て form of a verb changes to で if the verb ends in ぶ, む, ぬ, or ぐ. This form does not indicate tense; the tense of the entire sentence is determined by the final verb.

Adjective て / で form

Adjectives can be connected using the て form to describe multiple qualities of a single subject.

い-Adjective stem + くて

Connects い-adjectives by replacing the final い with くて.

This apple is big and red.

That bag is cheap and light.

な-Adjective stem + で

Connects な-adjectives by adding で to the adjective stem.

This room is quiet and clean.

That person is kind and famous.

Note

For い-adjectives, replace the final い with くて. For な-adjectives, add で to the stem. The word いい (good) is irregular and becomes よくて.

Noun + で

The copula だ or です becomes で when connecting two noun phrases to say that something is 'A and B'.

Connects two nouns using で.

He is a student and a worker.

Words: 
て
Radicals of radicals