intention, plan, purpose, expectation
belief, assumption, thought, conviction
Verb informal non-past +
Used to express a person's intention or plan to do something in the future. It is generally used for the speaker's own intentions, or the intentions of someone the speaker can strongly empathize with.
Verb informal non-past
The dictionary form of a verb followed by
新しい車を買う
I intend to buy a new car.
パーティーに行かない
I do not intend to go to the party.
When expressing a negative intention, you can use either the negative form of the verb followed by
Verb/Adjective/Noun +
Used to express a conviction, belief, or assumption about a past action or a current state, even if the reality might be different. It conveys that the person feels sure about the situation.
Verb informal past
Using the past tense of a verb indicates that the speaker believed they had completed an action.
鍵をかけた
I believed I had locked the door.
い-Adjective
Used with い-adjectives to show a belief about a current state.
まだ若い
I feel like I am still young.
な-Adjective + な
Used with な-adjectives to show a belief about a quality or trait.
彼は上手な
He believes he is skillful.
Noun + の
Used with nouns to show an assumed identity or state.
夢の中で鳥の
I thought I was a bird in my dream.
When used with nouns, the particle の is required. When used with な-adjectives, the particle な is required. This usage often implies that while the subject believes something to be true, others might disagree or the objective facts might differ.